System and means for differentially metering electricity for lighting and heating purposes.



L. BIRKS & J. R. TEMPLIN. SYSTEM AND MEANS FOR DIFFERENTIALLY METERING ELECTRICITY FOR LIGHTING AND HEATING PURPOSES.

APPLICATION FILED JUL! 8. I916.

1,298,649." Patented Apr. 1,1919.

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I STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LAWRENCE ."BIRKS AND JOHN RICHARD TEMPLIN, OF FENDALTON, CHRISTCHURCH,

I s NEW ZEALAN D. sYsTEM AND MEANS FOR DIEE RENTIALLY METERING ELECTRICITY FOB LIGHTING .Y AND HEATING PURPOSES.

t 1,298,649, Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr, 1 1919,

r az'z'whmamdy concern: Be 't known that we, LAWRENCE BInKs, V t a subject-of the King of Great Britain, and

JouN; RICHARD 'TEMrLI'N', a, citizen of the.

5 UnitedStatesof America, residing at lO J ackspns' road, Fendalton, Christchurch,

. Nety -Zealand, and Wro ton Terrace, Fendalton',Christchurch. New Zealandl' respec-" 1 tivejlyhhave invented new and useful Im- 10 .prov'ements inlsystemsfand Means for"'Difterentially Metering'Electrieity' for Lighting/and I-Teatin'g Purposes, of .whichthe following isaspecification;

This invention relates tothe metering of' 151 electricity as a basis'ot pziymntbythe consumer and refers chiefly to cases where the qsupplv is intended for domestic purposes.

'ltfhas been found in practice that, for

li hting purposes. electricity will successfully compete with other illuminants. if re- ,tailed at a price which will be remunerative at all timesto the supplyauthority. but forv hours more especiallv during themaximum or peaki load and for this purpose many 'ditl'erent me hods of charging have been proposed. The methods hitherto employed however have all been open to objection inasmijhh as. in some cases. they have prover] inefliective fo'r the purpose. while in other "casesflthe complication of the. system and the expense occasioned by the installation an'dfmaintena nce ofjthe necessary instru- 40 ment'sjhave rendered such systems unsatisfactory to both the co It "s the object otthe 'present inveption therefore to over come the difiicultieshitherto experienced and-to. provide means whereby ,the'customary forms of supply meters. may

"be utilizedto record directly all current. supplie under the special diflerential rates.

; In effecting this purpose the invention consists essentially n the employment of two jneters so controlled by a hand opere nsumer and the sup-.

Application s J'uly8, 1916. Serial No. 108,146.

position, the heating circuits will be connected with the supply through the meter on which the low charge is made, while the lighting circuits will be disconnected. Upon the switch being moved to its other position however the lighting circuits will be conneoted with the supply through the second meter on which the'higher charge is made,

While the heating circuitswill also be connected but through both meters. theresult being that all current supplied for heating,

' while the switch is in the lighting position. [will be simultaneously recorded by both and will therefore be charged for at the sum of the two rates.

' The two meters as mentioned throughout the present specification andclaims are not necessarily separate instruments but I mayfconsist of what is termed a doublerate meter, that is to say, a meter in which the parts are duplicated so as to embody in one instrument the equivalent of two meters and itv must be clearly understood that such is included in the scope of this invention. y y

In order that the nature of the invention and the manner .in which it is to be performed may be clearly understood, referencewill now be made to the accompanying sheet of diagrams, in which,

Figure 1 illustrates the invention as ap-. plied to the ordinary watt-meters, and,

Fig. 2, shows the invention adapted for use with coulomb-meters, or ampere-hourmeters as they are commonly termed.

Referring first to Fig. 1, A is the wattmeter through which current is supplied at the higher rate for lighting and B the wattmeter through which current is supplied at the lower rate for heating.

According to the present invention the se- ,ries winding 1 of the meter A and the series winding 2 ofthe meter B are conne ted in series bv means of a wire 3, thus the current in passing from the main or phase wire 4 to v the lead 5 'of the heating circuit is caused to traverse the series windings of both meters. The shunt winding 6 of the meter B 15 permanently connected as by means of wires .7 and 8 connecting respectively with the phase wire 4 and the return or neutral wire "ated "switcii'tlritt, when the latter is in one it while the shunt-winding 10 of the meter nected with the phasewire4 through the ter C;

-winding10is disconnected themeter Alwillflj shouldiiiit be o A is connected by means of the wire 11 and through the wire l9. and meter G with the the wire 12 which, passes through 'onec pole "phase-Wire 16 ,and' whentinthe dotted. line of a double-pole switch 13. position to connect the wire 19 with the The lead 14 of the lighting circuit is con phase wire 16 and so short-circuit the me- I "7'0 By this arrangement therefore, when current is not required ,jfor lightinggthe switch swit h'l3. i I 17. ,isplaced'in thedottecl' l'ine'po'siticn' thus l/Vhen therefore the switch 13 is in the disconnecting the lighting circuit and shortposition as here shown in full lines one pole 'circuiting the meter C. The current so sup of such will serve to connect the lead ltof *plied-tc' 'th'e -heating circuit will thereforegi the lighting circuit through theseries windbe metered solelghgythe meter D upon which ing 1 of the meter A with the phase wire 4, the lower char g e is made. while thecother pole will close-gthez.circuit: When current for lightingis reguired the 3 of the shunt-winding10 ofisncht-meterand-5.switchsisplaced inthe fiull line position thusg when the: switch; is in the position-indicated p connecting: the glighting circuitq-withp the. in dotted lines it will disconnect the. wire 14"] phasewire 16,througlnthe metereg-on which from the supply and open the circuitiofithe gthebhigher-charge;is Ina" evg Sh ouldthe' heat shuntlOQ i M i i i i a ing .ircuiflbel-iJSed ti vll ?1 k ,hea'switch isin th The arrangement is suchtherefore-that. v lighti Y position howeterfi it will hesun der during thedaytime:when thelcurrent ijsnot-I stoodithat as tlheslio'rteircuit.isremoyed d required ,for. .=1%ghting,-.:the switch'.=rwill be l' z current suppliedito heater; la e'dinthe'dottedli'ne position.which:p er1;passithrough aaiidi' tl mits, of; the heating Q circuit only, being men g by both, res atemen anghwil l in i conse and forlwhichathe-current passesthroughJV-quencehecharged for tthe sum of-rrthe two afl bothdhelseries ;-.windings andQV of, magmas as in the casegcqofathel; arrangement 'g metiers .Afand B; L As' -tjchowever".thewshuntg shown in-iEi L series Winding 1 of the meter A and through the remaining pole of the double pole .derdthe same purpose;

be inoperative andl consequentlyithe currentn mayjL eietfiectednnfthe casex f Fig/.1, byconavu so supnl'ie'diwill'fbe recorded solely; by thel ting,thelishuntsojfzhoth watt-meters per 9 meter 15 on whi h the' low'er charge ismade. manehtly circuittand-gsuhstitutingforthw- WVhen current ..is vrequired. for lighting {.ido ble pol swuitchma idoubleethroyvlswitch?; Y howeverfl the swit h "isjplacedwin the full adaptedtocalternately;connect .the l .ighting" i line position; hich serves vto- 'fsupply-fithe ;;'CiI'C1liilwithLthe pliaseglivireithrough the. $915; a lighting -,circuitthrough the series winding ries winding-of themeterwec orl to shorti-cir-i 1. l ofth'e meter A andfalsor to l ilosethe circuit cuitsuchseriesvwindingfforz thevpurposeioflg of thesliuntIOas there-described, theresult c"supplyinggl current v to themheatingn. circuiti,Q being that 'all current so supplied tot-he ..throughthemeterqB-alonein axniannersimir -fi lighting..cirsu-itwill" he meteredrby thernetert lar to that showniingE-igzj, Thismethod is; A unonwhi'h thehigher charge isimade, :1 houiceterrconsidered t0 beinferiior inasmuch ,.105 v Sho ld t be so des dh w-e er to'utilize as theseriesiwinding, .in l'co s'equ nce;-.of its; the heating rir'cu'it Whilethe: switch the.low;resistance;woulclgcontinue towcarry a i lighting position, itmwill be understood that; portionwof. the. current :in. spite of the tactic as h ingucircuit. is supplied through? that-"it ,had been T short=circuited .andxthus L both meters andas both are in vthe operativeJ"creepage of theimetemtA wouldioccur. condition, ithe rcurrent .so .suppliedyto the-' We claim; i i i V I i I heatingfcircnit will he remrdedsimultane- 1. lnscomhination asource 0f .current aeg ously bv both: metersand,consequently-theheating circuit; ailighting circuit a pair-v nf-.4; charge for such currentrwill he. at the sum": wattrneterahaying seriesand\: sl1unt,wi-nd i of the two rates} ingabheiorsaid lightingciircuit. and onetfo rtl fi Referringnew to Fi g. 2, :whichillustrates said heating, circuit, and: alci-rcuit contrqller y: 5 the application of theinventionto forms of}; eapahleflof occupyingLoneaextrerne..vpositiomi n eters in whlch no shunt;Windingwis.pro- Q wherein currentQis. su'pplieclstcjthe .lighting, il VlCleCl is a; coulomb-meter thrcughzwhichr circuitlthrough}theJserieswindin-gS oi the}; current ls, supplied atfltheshighert-rate for" ilighting meter, andcurrent is su qplied togli20 lightinganld D a similar instruinentlthrough the heatingrcircuit.through theiseriesv win which, current. is. supplied atthetlower irate i I 1 v for heating, a

Acrording to then-present invention-the .is disconnected from thellightirigwmeter uth lead 15 'offthe heatingmircuit. connected lshunt iwindirrg o vfzther latter is omopenucir: 13 through both m eters c andtD in series'with'gcuit, V V l c i a the phase-wire. .16; In this lease, a double a 2. .Inmcombination av.sourcetof current, aiZhIQW SW'ItfZl} is employedand adapted when. pair, of-watt=meters having seniesandtlshuntm 1n the pos t on, here shown in full; lines to winding 55a .liglitingycircuiticonnectedctc. the A eetti a ed 1 .1 e h i litieete m e we t e nt re elteh ew ee in ndt a n in of both watt-meters, the shunt winding of one Watt-meter being permanently connecti ed to the source of current, and the shunt winding of. the other meter being connected to the source of current only when the light mg circuitisconnected to-the source of current, and a circuit controller for connecting the lighting circuit to its respective meter independently of the heating circuit and its meter.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

LAWRENCE BIRKS. JOHN RICHARD TEMPLIN. Witnesses:

PERCY RICHARD CLIMm, JOHN HENRY STRINGER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

V Washington, D. 0. 

